Hematology

 

What is hematology? click here

Hematology is the science or study of blood, blood-forming organs, and blood diseases.

In the medical field, hematology I hematology includes the treatment of blood disorders and malignancies, including types of hemophilia, leukemia, lymphoma, and sickle-cell anemia. Hematology is a branch of internal medicine that deals with the physiology, pathology, etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention of blood-related disorders. edit

Hematologists focus largely on lymphatic organs and bone marrow and may diagnose blood count irregularities or platelet irregularities. Hematologists treat organs that are fed by blood cells, including the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, and lymphoid tissue.

Anatomy of blood ? click here

Blood is made up of several parts, including red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. Red blood cells, which make up about 45% of whole blood, carry oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissue. They also carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs to be exhaled. They are disc-shaped and produced in the bone marrow. White blood cells, which are also made in the marrow, help fight infection. Together with platelets, they make up less than 1% of whole blood. Platelets are small, colorless fragments that stick together and interact with clotting proteins to stop or prevent bleeding. They are also produced in the bone marrow.

Plasma is the fluid part of the blood. Composed of 92% water, it also contains vital proteins, mineral salts, sugars, fats, hormones, and vitamins.

Areas of study ? click here

Four major areas of study within hematology include hemoglobinopathy, hematological malignancies, anemia, and coagulopathy. Hemoglobinopathy is the study of abnormality in the globin chains of hemoglobin molecules. In addition to sickle cell anemia, thalassemia (also known as erythropoiesis) is part of hemoglobinopathy. The area of hematological malignancies is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of cancers of the bone marrow, blood and lymph nodes. Myeloma is one type of hematological malignancy, along with leukemia and lymphoma. Other disorders treated by a hematologist include arterial thromboembolism, deep-vein thrombosis, and neutropenia.

Hematology oncology ?

Although hematologists work together with experts from various medical and surgical specialties, hematology is most often linked with oncology. Hematologists and oncologists work together to care for adults and children with cancers of the blood and bone marrow, including leukemia and lymphoma. 

Hematology tests know? click here

One of the most common hematology tests is the complete blood count or CBC. This test is often conducted during a routine exam and can detect anemia, clotting problems, blood cancers, immune system disorders, and infections.  

Other hematology tests include:

 Blood chemistry test;

 Blood enzyme test;

• Blood tests to assess heart disease risk. Hematology Hematology (also spelled hematology in British English) is the branch of medicine concerned with the study of the cause, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood.[1][2] It involves treating diseases that affect the production of blood and its components, such as blood cells, hemoglobin, blood proteins, bone marrow, platelets, blood vessels, spleen, and the mechanism of coagulation. Such diseases might include hemophilia, blood clots (thrombus), other bleeding disorders, and blood cancers such as leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma.[3] The laboratory analysis of blood is frequently performed by a medical technologist or medical laboratory scientist.

Hematology is practiced by specialists in the field who deal with the diagnosis, treatment, and overall management of people with blood disorders ranging from anemia to blood cancer.

Some of the diseases treated by hematologists include:?

Iron deficiency anemia and other types of anemia such as sickle cell anemia or trauma-related anemia

Polycythemia or excess production of red blood cells

Myelofibrosis

Leukemia

Platelet and bleeding disorders such as hemophilia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and Von Willebrand disease

The myelodysplastic syndromes

Hemoglobinopathies such as thalassemia and sickle cell disease

Multiple myeloma

Malignant lymphomas

Blood transfusion

Bone marrow stem cell transplantation

Hematology: The diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases of the blood and bone marrow as well as of the immunologic, hemostatic (blood clotting), and vascular systems. Because of the nature of blood, the science of hematology profoundly affects the understanding of many diseases.

Hematologists are internal medicine doctors or pediatricians who have extra training in disorders related to your blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system. They’re specialists who may work in hospitals, blood banks, or clinics. Hematologists who practice in labs are called hematopathologists. They’re trained in pathology, a branch of medicine that examines body tissues and blood with microscopes or tests.

All hematologists have at least 9 years of medical education. It includes 3 years of on-the-job training called residency after medical school and up to 4 years of subspecialty training. Some hematologists are generalists, while others focus on specific conditions and organs that require extra training.